Can a Canadian Treaty Indian enter the US for visiting with that documentation only? (he also has a US Social Security number allowing him to work in US)
Every individual entering the U.S. now must have a passport. If he is entitled to a Canadian passport, then he will not need a separate visa and can enter as a visitor for a period of up to 6 months.
Treaty Indians can use Tribal ID. A tribal Indian must apply for legal permanent residence to work here. You cannot just work with an SSN. As a tribal Indian you get LPR status by self sponsorship.